Do You Know ?

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A digital video disc (DVD) looks like a CD-ROM disc, but it can store greater amounts of data. DVDs are often used to store full-length movies and other multimedia content that requires large amounts of storage space. DVD s can store in the range of 9 GB.

DirectX

An extension of the Microsoft Windows operating system. DirectX technology helps games and other programs use the advanced multimedia capabilites of your hardware.

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What is Cybercrime ?

A crime that involves a computer and a network. Criminal exploitation of the internet is common. Hackers can invade privacy, financial theft (Credit card/net banking), stole/destroy confidential information stored, stole source code of a software or even deface a site or make a site inaccessible to the site owner.

There is no geographical boundary for the crime and it can be cross - border/ inter continental. As the different countries have different law of the land, it is finding difficult to punish the offenders. The various countries are thinking to form a common legal system and an International Criminal Court to deal with the Cyber criminals.

A variety of scams target consumers (Nigerian scam offering huge amount).

A computer or a network can be targeted by Viruses, malware or by Denial of Service attack.

A cyberterrorist is someone who intimidates or coerces a government or organization to advance his or her political or social objectives by launching computer-based attack against computers, network, and the information stored on them.

A person can be harassed by creating false profile with obscene/offensive/morphed content. This is common in chat rooms and in social network sites like facebook, orkut, twitter. etc.

Drug sellers are using encrypted email and restricted chat rooms for the easy sale of drugs and other illegal items.

Spam is the unsolicited sending of bulk emails for business purpose. The spammer send bulk SMS or email with a single click to a number of recipients.

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Computer Forensics

Computer can be a source of evidence. Data is kept in encrypted form in hard disk by the Operating system. Even a deleted file, deleted browsing history, over written file and then deleted file can be retrieved by cyber forensic experts!.

A Law enforcing official will enter the crime occurred premise with search warrant and seize and seal the hard disk in a cover. The seized object will be produced before the court with written complaint.

Criminal investigators use sophisticated tools to recover the deleted data. Some cases, even after 5 years, experts are able to retrieve the deleted information/data from the hard disk. Temporary data files are giving valuable information to the investigator.

Computer forensic software like FTK are very useful in tracing the evidence from hard disk.

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1. Yahoo was attacked on Monday, 7 February 2000 for 3 hours, by high rate pinging.
2. Fifty computers of Standford University, California were made inaccessible by DDoS attack by hacker.
3. CBI site was attacked recently by Pakistan Cyber Army.

Every country keeps a Cyber Army of which that of Iran and China are very active in hacking enemy Govt sites.

India has more than 30 million internet users and 217 IT Act related crimes were recorded in 2007.

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Why to know about Cyber Security, Cyber crimes and hacking ?

With the right knowledge one can avoid avoid disaster. Precautions can be taken against cyber attacks, Phissing etc. Cyber crimes can be prevented to a large extend by following security tips while working with internet connected computers.

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Mobile phones are common and is unavoidable personal communication devices. It helps the investigators to locate and track criminals in real time wrt longitude and lattitude. The voice and SMS/MMS are stored and are readily available to the investigating officers.

International Mobile Equipment Number (IMEI) is a unique number (14 decimal digits plus a check digit) given to all mobile and satellite phones. It can be displayed on the phone's screen by typing '#06#'. A stolen phone can be made nonoperational by the Service provider (by knowing the IMEI number) on getting a complaint. When a mobile equipment is blacklisted, it cannot be used with any other operator. Changing of a phone's IMEI number is possible by experts, who replace a data chip with another by micro soldering.

When a person login to the internet his identity is his IP address.

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Digital Signature is used to make a digital document / message authentic. Digital (cryptographic) signatures are commonly used for software distribution, financial transactions etc. In US, EU and India, digiatal signature has legal importance.

One can have various types of Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) from any of the Licensed Registration Authority. These legally valid Digital signature has the same validity as handwritten signatures.

Your digital certificate could be used to allow you to access membership-based web sites automatically without entering a user name and password.

Fee Rs 1200 (with e-token)+ 150 (bank charges), Validity of Digital signature : 2 year and it can be renewed. Copy of Photo proof and PAN card are required while filling the application form.

There are 3 types of Digital certificates of varying security - Class 1, Class 2 & Class 3.

Normally digital signatures are kept in Internet Explorer of your computer. Any has access to your Computer can use it and if formatted/explorer is changed, the digital signature will be lost.

To avoid the loss of digital signature and for better security, digital signature is stored as e-token in USB type drives (extra fee of Rs 400) and the device is password protected.

Contact : ISHIKA TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD AD-35, SALT LAKE CITY, SECTOR 1, Kolkata - 700064.

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Real time mobile phone tracking

A mobile phone can be tracked on the move without an active call. A mobile always emit a signal and communicates to the near by antenna tower and depending on the signal strength (power) received, the mobile location can be traced.

Real time locating systems use a set of radio receivers to locate the position of the transmitting device.

GPS (Global Positioning System) & GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) mobiles can be tracked with the help of satellites and related software. The mobile can be located on Google map with logitude and lattitude at an accuracy of 1 metre.

GPS is a global radio-navigational system using 24 satellites and it's ground stations. It can work effectively for 24 hours a day with out being affected by weather conditions. A GPS satellite completes two rotations of earth is a day. Sophisticated equipments in the high orbit satellite will calculate one's exact location using triangulation method.

GPS can help you to find out where you are and where you are going. GPS navigation is used in cars, planes, boats, construction equipments, farm machinery, laptop computers etc.

CDMA (Code division multiple access) is a channel access method utilized by various radio communication technologies. One of the basic concepts in data communication is the idea of allowing several transmitters to send information simultaneously over a single communication channel and is called multiplexing.

India uses around 120 crore mobiles for communication. 80% of the world mobile communication is by GSM technology.